Communication behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Communication behavior - Essay Example the book in her bag before asking me for it but I had no chance to tell her that she should not do that again but she had to go and I thought that I just met her and don’t know her that well. I keep my daily journal in my drawer and I allow nobody to neither open the drawer nor read the journal. We have a housekeeper coming over twice a week and I didn’t allow her to enter my room since I keep my room clean myself. This afternoon, she was allowed by my mother to check my room for cleaning and the housekeeper opened all the drawers including the one where I keep my journal. I knew she opened the drawer because the pen tucked in the journal rolled out to the side of the drawer. I asked her if she went in my room and even before she said yes I interrupted her and told her to please not to go through my drawers the next time. My best friend spent the night over at our house and she was flipping through my magazines. She probably got bored with them and she found the drawer where I keep my journal. I was coming out from the bathroom and I saw her opening the drawer. I told her not to open that drawer again because I was keeping my journal there. I also told her that I don’t want anyone to touch my journal since I was not comfortable when people touch my personal stuff. I was having a hard time comprehending the day’s lecture in class which prompted me to ask a guy classmate. Another classmate, a girl, interrupted and tried to explain on the topic but instead of helping me, she only added to my confusion. After her explanation, my guy classmate gave his explanation which was better and entirely different from the explanation of my girl classmate. I wanted to tell her about her mistake but I hesitated because I was worried that she might get offended. At school when my best friend and I were walking at the hall, a new friend asked me to a party but he told me that I was the only one invited and that I was not allowed to bring anyone else. I politely refused

Inventory and Fixed Assest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Inventory and Fixed Assest - Essay Example Inventory is categorized as a current asset in the balance sheet. Most manufacturing companies have large amounts of inventory. That inventory can go down in value for various reasons including technological advances. â€Å"Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43 (ARB No. 43) leads to an accounting valuation method known as the lower of cost or market, or LCM† (Accountingcoach, 2011). Based on ARB No. 43 the word market refers to the current replacement cost of the item. A concept related to the calculation of lower of cost or market is net realizable value (NRV). The net realizable value is defined as the expected price minus the cost for completion and disposal. Another variable that must be considered in LCM calculations are the lower ceiling and upper ceiling. The upper ceiling is the same amount as the NRV, while the lower ceiling is calculated by subtracting normal profit from NRV. The accounting for lower cost or market requires specific journal entries to record LCM. The t wo ledger accounts used by accountants are: Allowance to Reduce Inventory to LCM Loss from Reducing Inventory to LCM Take for example a company that had an inventory with a cost of $70,000 and market value of $68,000. The journal entry to record LCM is illustrated below: Loss from Reducing Inventory to LCM 2000 Allowance to Reduce Inventory to LCM 2000 Capitalizing interest on building construction Interest are typically categorized as an expense under normal accounting rules based on the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). An exception to the rules applies to interest associated with construction projects. â€Å"ASC 835-20 states that institutions are required to capitalize the interest cost incurred during the acquisition process or construction of the asset† (Patel, 2010). As interest gets capitalized they become a part of the historical price of an asset which subsequently must be depreciated over the useful life of the asset. FASB statement No. 34, Capitaliz ation of Interest Costs, provides the guidelines that accountants must follow in order to capitalize interest associated with construction of a building or asset. Three conditions are necessary for the capitalization of interest: 1. The qualifying expenditures must have already occurred 2. The company must be paying actual interest 3. Activities to prepare the asset must be already underway (Young & Gowans, 2009). Expenditures that require cash payment or other transfers of assets are considered qualifying expenditures. Inventory that are manufactured on a routine basis do not qualify for the capitalization of interest. Property that was donated also does not qualify for the capitalization of interest. The two methods to compute capitalization of interest are the weight average and the specific method. There are limits to the amount of interest that may be capitalized. The general rule is that companies can only capitalize interest up to the amount of the incurred interest during an accounting period. â€Å"FASB No. 34 requires for each accounting period disclosure in the financial statements or the notes of the total amount of interest cost incurred and any amount of interest that was capitalized in each accounting period† (Young, et al., 2009). Recording gain or loss on asset disposal

The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay Example for Free

The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay he Crucible emerged from a true story which makes the play more convincing. It was based on the Salem, Massachusetts Witch Trial in 1629. At the time people were extremely religious and believed in witchcraft and devilry. It was strictly forbidden for people to dance, sing, and laugh and if they were discovered doing these activities, they were accused of witchcraft and many were to die of this. Miller decided to write a play which would heighten Americas awareness of the impending of the communist in the 1950s. It is important for the audience to understand the historical background, and understand what living in Salem, Massachusetts was like in the 17th Century. The people of Salem were Puritans- descendents of the Pilgrim Father, who arrived in America from England in 1960 because they wanted a stricter way of life with regard to their religion. Their lives consisted of working, eating, sleeping and praying. Any kind of enjoyment was prohibited. This meant that singing and dancing was forbidden and seen as an interaction with the devil. People of Salem believed in witchcraft, and in 1692, many people were accused and hanged because of this. People incriminated each other, both neighbours and friends. This shows that although on the surface, society appears united, cracks were beginning to emerge. In the 1950s there was a modern day witch hunt in America. Instead of hunting witches Free thinkers, That is people who had individual thoughts were accused of disloyalty and communist sympathies, which often resulted in loss of their jobs. In order to protect themselves, just as in The Crucible, they blamed others. The Crucible was inspired by Millers experiences of the 1950s. It was Senator Joseph McCarthy who created the hunt for communists. The similarities between the Crucible and McCarthys accusations of the 1950s were denounced. Without proof or evidence the inciting of fear and suspicion would lead in the 1950s to the eventual break up of families and friendship as people accused each other of disloyal acts against America. This was to lead to America becoming permeated by paranoia and scepticism. Before the audience even meets Abigail, they find out that she is a trouble maker with an endless capacity for dissembling. In the opening act between Parris and Abigail, tension rises as Parris persistently questions her about the night they were dancing in the woods, what did you do with her in the forest? But Abigail denies any accusations and always defends herself, But we never conjured spirits. However Parris does not stop questioning her and feelings begin to heighten when he mentions witchcraft, trafficked with spirits in the forest. Abigail vehemently assents herself by saying, we never conjured spirits. At this stage she is trying to defuse the situation but the audience are already experiencing a steady rise in tension.

Unemployment in the UAE: Causes and Effects

Unemployment in the UAE: Causes and Effects Table of Contents (Jump to) Analyze the reasons and effect of the unemployment suggest an applicable solutions to cope these problems Evaluate the advantage and disadvantages monetary policy being implement in the chosen country Advantages Disadvantages Monetary policy Find out and explain the effectiveness how to use it to fix unemployment . Monetary Policy: Whats the Most Cost Effective Unemployment Solution?: Using Solutions: Unemployment Benefits: Monetary Policy Risks: 1. Analyze the reasons and effect of the unemployment suggest an applicable solutions to cope these problems Generally because of their oil riches, the economies of the GCC nations have passed through real budgetary and social progressions throughout the previous decades that incorporate the investment blast of the 1970s and early 1980s and the bust of the late 1980s and 1990s. Emulating the sharp build in worldwide oil costs in the 1970s and early 1980s, the dominant presences in these nations reused the windfall oil picks up through liberal welfare framework, and a huge open financing program in foundation, utilities, and essential businesses. In coupled with these arrangements, governments assumed the part of first business resort which inevitably prompted congestion open part and expanded government consumptions on pay rates (Forstenlechner, Rutledge, 2010). Specifically, the administrations of the GCC urged locals to join general society part by offering profits bundles as appealing annuity and social stipends for companions and kids and financed the procurement of lodging, educating whats more wellbeing and essential customer items. Underlying open segment business and pay structures is the social contract of the GCC nations which prompted the grouping of more than 85% of local laborers openly vocation and which, accepted, brought about their underemployment. Generally, broad subsidies that were the impetuses of the social contract made an salary impact that appear to have had a general public wide impact on recreation designs in light of the fact that of social multiplier where the comes back to relaxation builds as more individuals are meeting expectations shorter hours and taking longer vacations (Forstenlechner, Rutledge, 2010).3 In parallel, GCC governments sought after open outskirt arrangements to outside specialists, guaranteeing sufficient supply of work at focused compensation at all ability levels. According to Sherif, (2013)The reservation wages of remote specialists reflecting their normal income in their nation of origin, balanced for commitment to transmit family help also put something aside for speculation in their nation of origin are much lower than the reservation compensation of the nationals at tantamount aptitudes. The double destinations of vigorously sponsoring local wages and livelihood, as a component of the social contract, and seeking after open-fringe work imports arrangements keeping in mind the end goal to keep up aggressiveness prompted the formation of a portioned work markets where locals bunch in the general population area whose profit level is moment and work hours are short while the additionally requesting occupations were left to outside laborers in the private area of the economy that paid significantly lower compensation and requested noticeably more hours (Sherif, 2013). 2. Evaluate the advantage and disadvantages monetary policy being implement in the chosen country Advantages The following is the arrangement of favorable circumstances of the Emiratisation: It adds to the development and manageability of the organizations and makers when they need to depend vigorously on the nearby inhabitants of the nation. The UAE society will be pushed and spread. It backings and helps the development and learning of the UAE nationals for the advancement and profits of the human capital improvement. Disadvantages The real detriment of the Emiratization is the constrained dependence on the livelihood of the UAE nationals (Elasrag, 2014). The private segment is as of now lingering behind general society division and the UAE national are not eager to work in the private part. Monetary policy The Government of the UAE utilizes a dynamic expansionary money related arrangement that is devoted to developing the economy and creating the fancied investment objectives of stable costs, low unemployment and high and managed budgetary development as confirmation by the article gave Dubai plots come back to credit markets. Dubai wants to offer more securities with a specific end goal to fund a more different budgetary method. With more cash under control, Dubai will push ahead with arrangements to expand genuine GDP by expanding government using on things, for example, base and ventures in the flight market. This is a methodology that is in lock-venture with governments’ monetary strategy to attain the three economic objectives. While the objective continues as before, the suggestions are more serious and conceivably more tragic. Likewise with financial arrangement, we pick up a finer understanding of how this could conceivably impact the three monetary objectives by dichoto mizing the subject into Hands-on (active) monetary approach, or Hands-off (free market) fiscal strategy. Once more, it is comprehended that the Hands-off financial arrangement generally implies next to zero government intercession which is at last a disagreement of fiscal approach (Elasrag, 2014). Purchase offering securities the UAE is expressing certainly that it accepts that by acquiring the money and issuing the security to the buyer at a certain premium rate, it can transform around and put the money into the channels it sees fit, whether this is base or flight, and afterward payback the obligation when the venture turns beneficial. The arrangement faces numerous possibilities and blocks on the capability of the UAE further bolstering take full good fortune by giving the trade something to do in for cold hard currency the most productive way that could be available, and if history is any marker Dubais track record of dangerous wagers is not a beyond any doubt thing. In any case, the results will without a doubt be higher of GDP because of dynamic Hands-on money related arrangement (Elasrag, 2014). A Hands-off money related approach would, basically, oblige that no obligation be issued, rather sufficient money to put would need to be actually under control before forward movement could start on any venture, paying little respect to how gainful the speculation is regarded to be. This out of date idea of looking before you jump appears to be falling further antiquated with each security issued In a Hands-off business sector economy, executing fiscal strategy to attain specific results, for instance changing the cash supply by offering more government issued securities to accomplish higher yield of GDP, is viewed as terrible cash administration and in opposition to the thought of Hands-off trading and lending (Driouchi, 2014). To streamline the viewpoint lets envision the UAE is a little family crew. Would it be sound approach for a house that is stretched out beyond their intends to take part in additionally getting with a specific end goal to accomplish a higher expectation for everyday life? Regardless of the fact that the objective is thought to be a build of the families general salary, the danger of selling your future could have unintended consequences that are sweeping and generational. The UAE could never be confounded with a little family, with unlimited future riches originating from a seeming less unending supply of oil. By utilizing the Hands-on hypothesis, Dubai will offer government issued bonds and utilize the money to manufacture streets and landing strips, giving its subjects something to do immediately, successfully keeping unemployment low and GDP high (Driouchi, 2014). 3. Find Out and Explain the Effectiveness How To Use It to Fix Unemployment The answer for unemployment is, clearly, to make new occupations. Normally, a solid financial development rate of 2-3% is sufficient to make the 150,000 new occupations required to keep unemployment from climbing. At the point when unemployment crawls over 6-7% and stays there, it implies the economy isnt solid enough to make sufficient new employments without help. That is the point at which the legislature is required to venture in and give results. See what the legislature has attempted in the past with Unemployment Rate by Year (Raven, 2011). Money related Policy: The result utilized first to address managed high unemployment is fiscal boost from the Federal Reserve. Sweeping financial approach is effective, snappy and typically compelling. Lower investment rates permit families to acquire all the more affordably to purchase what they need, in the same way as autos, homes and buyer hardware. This invigorates enough request to return the economy on track. Low investment rates likewise permit organizations to get for less, providing for them the funding to contract new laborers to take care of climbing demand. Monetary Policy: Nonetheless, when fiscal approach doesnt work, then monetary arrangement is normally requested. This method the administration should either slice charges or build using to invigorate the economy (Raven, 2011). Monetary arrangement is typically slower to begin, since Congress and the President must concur on what ought to be carried out. Nonetheless, it could be more compelling once executed. It additionally gives much- required certainty that the administration will empower the economy and things will improve. Certainty is a significant element in persuading individuals to use now for a superior future. Cutting charges has a comparative, however much more straightforward, impact as lower investment rates. It gives purchasers more cash to use, expanding interest. It additionally cuts costs for organizations, which can utilize the money to contribute within their business and contract more laborers. Government using normally takes the manifestation of occupations projects, where the legislature employs laborers and organizations straightforwardly to fabricate things or give administrations (Raven, 2011). This demonstrations like a tax break, by giving shoppers the money they have to purchase more items. Whats the Most Cost Effective Unemployment Solution? Nonetheless, not all financial approach results are made equivalent. Dollar for dollar, whats the best financing that makes the most occupations? A few examination studies indicate that the most savvy result is giving development occupations to, of all things, mass travel. The following most practical is unemployment profits and the third best occupations supplier is financing instruction. Tax reductions, whether payroll or no matters how you look at it pay assessment, are less powerful (Forstenlechner, Rutledge, 2010). Whats the slightest viable occupations maker? Safeguard using. Here’s Tax Cuts: As indicated by a U Mass/Amherst study, the most well known financial jolt, in all cases wage tax breaks, is not the savviest. One billion dollars in cuts made 10,779 employments, in light of the fact that just a large portion of the cash ($505 million) specialists accepted was used. The rest was spared or used to pay down obligations. (Source: Umass/Amherst, Robert Pollin and Heidi Garrett-Peltier, Department of Economics and Political Economy Research Institute, The Employment Effects of Military and Domestic Spending Priorities, October 2007) (Forstenlechner, Rutledge, 2010). Its more practical to give organizations payroll tax breaks. A study by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) found that each $1 billion in payroll charge alleviation made 13,000 new employments. The best place to give business charge easing is with little organizations, which are the key driver for 65% of all new employments (Forstenlechner, Rutledge, 2010). (Source: CBO, The Economic Outlook and Fiscal Policy Choices, September 28, 2010) Using Solutions: The U Mass/Amherst specialists found that subsidizing mass travel gives the most value for the money. One billion dollars used makes 19,795 development occupations. An alternate practical result is using on training. One billion used employing instructors makes 17,687 occupations. It has the extra profit of including an extra $1.3 billion into the economy, as all the more exceedingly taught individuals improve employments on their own, and can purchase more things with the higher wages they acquire. The slightest savvy in occupations creation is military using, which just makes 8,555 for the same financing (Sherif, 2013). That is on account of its more capital serious, as advanced barrier depends all the more on automatons, F-16s, and plane carrying warships than infantry. Unemployment Benefits: Beside open works ventures, the second savviest utilization of government stores is giving profits to the unemployed. The CBO study discovered 19,000 occupations are made for each $1 billion in profits. That is on account of the unemployed are well on the way to use each dime they get on the rudiments, in the same way as basic needs, garments and lodging. This drives retailers and producers to contract more individuals to take care of the extra demand. The other preference of unemployment profits is it is quick. The legislature simply composes a check, which promptly goes into the economy. Open works undertakings can take a while to get actualized. For additional, see why Extended Unemployment benefits are the best way to boost the Economy (Elasrag, 2014). Monetary Policy Risks: The downside of monetary strategy is it can add to the financial backing deficiency, making more government obligation. As obligation methodologies 100% of the economys aggregate yield, it can really abate monetary development. That is on account of moguls lose interest for that legislatures obligation, which makes investment rates ascent, expanding the expense of getting. Then again, backers of supply-side matters of trade and profit say that, about whether, the economy will be helped so much that it will make up the lost expense income. All answers for decrease unemployment must make interest to invigorate the economy (Driouchi, 2014). For additional, see Job Creation: Ideas, Statistics and Creation by President. References Forstenlechner, I., Rutledge, E. (2010). Unemployment in the Gulf: time to update the â€Å"social contract†.Middle East Policy,17(2), 38-51. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4967.2010.00437.x/abstract;jsessionid=319D805ACF3FAE59970D9F3599158EF3.f04t02?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=userIsAuthenticated=false Sherif, S. (2013). Macroeconomic policy, localization and reducing unemployment: The crucial human resource issues for the UAE.Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness,23(2), 158-174. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=17084231show=abstract Elasrag, H. (2014). Ø §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ´Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ·ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ù Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ° Ø ¯Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¬Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¬Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   (Unemployment and Job Creation in the GCC Countries).Available at SSRN 2411584. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2411584 Driouchi, A. (2014). Unemployment Persistence Risks of Skill Obsolescence in Arab Countries. http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/53793/ Raven, J. (2011). Emiratizing the education sector in the UAE: contextualization and challenges.Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues,4(2), 134-141. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1926573show=abstract

Article 231 of The Treaty of Versailles :: World War I History

Article 231 of The Treaty of Versailles Firstly, we must proceed to explain the nature of Article 231 in order to be able to analyse its judgement about Germany's responsibility for the war. After the war had ended, Europe's, especially France's economy was devastated. There was also a general desire for such a war never to repeat itself, as the first proof of modern warfare proved to be ruinous. To deal with this two issues the allied powers made Germany sign the "war guilt clause" which made it accept all the guilt for the war and because of this, pay reparations to the affected states. In this way France's economy would theoretically recover faster while Germany was kept economically weak so it could never attempt to cause a war again. Even though at the time most non-German historians went along with this, while German historians were not happy with this interpretation for obvious reasons, after a few years opinion began to move away from only blaming Germany and accepted that other countries should also take part of the blame. However, in 1961 a German historian called Fritz Fischer proposed the idea that after all Germany should take most of the responsibility. These two points of view have been a cause for debate for historians and a final agreement has not yet been reached. While most historians accept that the key decisions for war in July 1914 were taken in Berlin, other factors such as German foreign policy ("Weltpolitik") and the alliance system remain still as the grounds of discussion. To analyse in depth Germany's guilt for the war we must first look at the most distant events and work our way up to the July crisis. To understand Germany's actions that lead to war we shall look first at its foreign policy, specifically from the point were Bismarck's policy ended in 1890. After Bismarck's dismissal the Kaiser and his advisers were convinced that the most likely wars in Europe were Germany against France of Austria-Hungary against Russia and in neither case could Russia and Germany be on the same side because of the existing alliances. This meant the rupture of the Russo-German friendship and the starting point were the two fronts that battled in the Great War started to shape up. Another example of a failed attempt of alliance was that of with Britain. Kaiser Wilhelm inherited her mother's admiration for English liberalism and the accepted view of English pre-eminence while keeping his father's strict Prussian military code of behaviour.

Comparing Brad Manning’s Arm Wrestling With My Father and Itabari Njeri

Comparing Brad Manning’s short story â€Å"Arm Wrestling With My Father,† and Itabari Njeri’s â€Å"When Morpheus Held Him†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The relationship between a father and son stems from an unspoken competition in many countries. Whether it is a physical or mental rivalry the superior role slowly transcends on to the son as he grows into a man. In Brad Manning’s short story â€Å"Arm Wrestling With My Father,† and Itabari Njeri’s â€Å"When Morpheus Held Him,† both contain admiring sons and impassive fathers. Despite both stories similarities in unspoken emotions they differ in the aspect of their physical relationships. This unrequited bond between a father and son in these stories portray various types of love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout Brad Manning’s anecdote about arm wrestling he refers to his father as â€Å"the arm† or â€Å"the master with clenched fists.† The embodiment of his father in these empowered limbs shows the dominating figure once held over him. â€Å"Daddy,† was the only personal name Itabari Njeri’s father allowed him to say. If Njeri did not settle for â€Å"Daddy,† â€Å"Dr. Moreland† would have to due. There is a sterile and clinical connotation in referring one’s father as Doctor. Manning’s states,† the man would win,† also giving an impersonal and cold feeling to his â€Å"strong father.† But this impersonal name was not forced upon Manning as Njeri’s father had done. Manning’s â€Å"father-son† matches battling â€Å"arm against arm† was their only means of communication. Manning decodes his father’s crude â€Å"ritual,...

Sexual Harassment Case Study

Individual Case Study #1 1. Is there a case of sexual harassment in this situation or is it only fun? This is a case of sexual harassment because; the words and actions of fellow employees ultimately made Rosetta quit her job. The technical definition of harassment is when members of an organization treat an employee in a different manner due to that person’s sex, race, religion, age, and etc. Harassment also includes unwelcomed remarks or jokes which make the employee feel uncomfortable.These guys that Rosetta had been working with, as she mentioned were making remarks and asking uncomfortable questions regarding her personal relationships (asking about her boyfriend, asking intimate details and asking if she prefers Canadian men over Italian men), the guys made dirty jokes and purposely made sure that Rosetta heard them, which is another sign of harassment – its causes Rosetta to feel awkward and embarrassed at her workplace (somewhere where she should feel comfortabl e and safe).Not only, do these guys make dirty jokes, but the manager, Al also contributes and encourages these guys regardless if it’s making another employee uncomfortable. These guys make fun of Rosetta when she comes into work, with remarks like calling her â€Å"Risotto† which in Italian means rice with gravy, not only is this an unwelcomed remark, its taunting her and insulting towards her Italian culture. Another form is harassment is displaying is offensive or pornographic items in a workplace environment.According to Rosetta, these guys post centrefolds pinned on their machines, which are pictures of nude or almost nude women. This is highly inappropriate for the work environment and makes Rosetta uncomfortable. When Rosetta asked these men from refraining to asking awkward and inappropriate questions and to leave her alone, they said that â€Å"Italians are just braggarts† which is derogatory and condescending term against her race. Sexual harassment; a form of harassment, was also present in this situation.Sexual harassment has three different characteristics; the first one being that the encounters must be unwelcomed to the complainant, expressly or implicitly known by the responder to be unwelcomed. This applies to this situation because Rosetta let the guys knows that she did not like the remarks by sayings â€Å"leave me alone† and â€Å"mind your own business† and they still continue to make remarks which leads to the second characteristic; conduct must continue despite the complainant protests, finally the third characteristic is complainants cooperation must be due to employment related threats.Rosetta suffered and took the harassment for so long from the fear of the manager, and being fired from her job. 2. If you were Eva, what would-and could-you do? What are the options? What is the probability of success of each option? Rosetta faced indirect systematic discrimination, which indicates that there is no i ntention to discriminate, but the system, arrangements, or policies allow it to happen. To begin with, Eva could have talked to the Manager, which she had and it didn’t lead her to positive results.So, she could either go above the manager or go directly to the Human Resource department of that company. This is a long process, which has many steps so Eva could choose to go to the Canadian Human Rights Commission. The Canadian Human Rights Act is a federal law that permits discrimination anything under federal jurisdiction, for example banks, airlines, government agencies, radio and TV companies. Areas that are not covered but the federal jurisdiction are covered by the provincial human rights act.The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) is there to supervise and implement any action under the Canadian Human Rights Act. Any person/group that has reasonable ground to believe that they have been discriminated against has the right to file with CHRC. For Eva to report harassme nt has taken place against Rosetta, she must first take permission from Rosetta, otherwise there is a chance that her complaint could be rejected. However, there are many things that Rosetta has to be careful with, the CHRC does not accept complaints that are over a year old, if the complaint seems trivial or made in bad faith.Eva must report this problem immediately with the correct proof so her complaint wouldn’t be dismissed. After Eva has filed the complaint, it will be further investigated. It will either be ruled as substantiated or non-substantiation, if ruled substantiated, (in support of complainant) then an attempt to make a settlement will be made. If no settlement is made, then the Human Rights Tribunal Panel can be appointed to further investigate the complaint. If they find that there was discrimination against Rosetta, then she will be compensated as seen appropriate.Eva can also file a complaint with the Ontario Human Rights laws and commission, which will inv estigate the complaint (also with the consent of Rosetta) and a settlement will be offered to satisfy both parties if no settlement is reached, then complaint will be further investigated. Both these processes are very long, but proven in favour of the complaint many times. However, there are times where there is no discrimination/harassment found in the case.Another thing Eva could do is try to implement the employment equity program within the organization. This program (usually run by employers) is used to undo past employment discrimination and prevent future discrimination and create equal employment opportunity within the company. Eva, with the help of the HR department could use this program and the example of Rosetta to prevent future situations like this by educating the employees about the laws, and diversity. It can also help undo the harassment that Rosetta faced. . What are Al’s responsibilities in this instance? Did he carry them out well? Why or why not? Employ ers, or managers have one basic responsibility towards their employees, which is to provide a safe environment for their employees and Al, as the manager failed to do so. The job of managers/supervisors is to know the law and to implement it within their organization/team. His responsibility is to be aware of what harassment is, different types of harassments and the signs of harassed workers.His responsibility as a manager was to put a stop to the harassment and discrimination Rosetta was facing, and report those employees to the Human Resources Department or to the CHRC. Not only did he fail to put a stop to the harassment, he failed to report it and was also part taking in the harassment by encouraging the jokes those guys were making that made Rosetta feel uncomfortable. Another responsibility of a manager is to have good communication not only within the team members but good employee-to-manager communication which is failed to establish with Rosetta.She did not feel comfortabl e talking to her manager about the harassment, which ultimately made her quit her job because she felt she had no one to talk to and ask for help. Al, also fails to recognize the harassment happening and blames it on Rosetta not being able to take the jokes lightly and took the accusation of Rosetta being harassed very lightly. He did not carry his responsibilities out well for the reasons stated above, he created an unsafe, uncomfortable environment for one of his employees. Sexual Harassment Case Study Individual Case Study #1 1. Is there a case of sexual harassment in this situation or is it only fun? This is a case of sexual harassment because; the words and actions of fellow employees ultimately made Rosetta quit her job. The technical definition of harassment is when members of an organization treat an employee in a different manner due to that person’s sex, race, religion, age, and etc. Harassment also includes unwelcomed remarks or jokes which make the employee feel uncomfortable.These guys that Rosetta had been working with, as she mentioned were making remarks and asking uncomfortable questions regarding her personal relationships (asking about her boyfriend, asking intimate details and asking if she prefers Canadian men over Italian men), the guys made dirty jokes and purposely made sure that Rosetta heard them, which is another sign of harassment – its causes Rosetta to feel awkward and embarrassed at her workplace (somewhere where she should feel comfortabl e and safe).Not only, do these guys make dirty jokes, but the manager, Al also contributes and encourages these guys regardless if it’s making another employee uncomfortable. These guys make fun of Rosetta when she comes into work, with remarks like calling her â€Å"Risotto† which in Italian means rice with gravy, not only is this an unwelcomed remark, its taunting her and insulting towards her Italian culture. Another form is harassment is displaying is offensive or pornographic items in a workplace environment.According to Rosetta, these guys post centrefolds pinned on their machines, which are pictures of nude or almost nude women. This is highly inappropriate for the work environment and makes Rosetta uncomfortable. When Rosetta asked these men from refraining to asking awkward and inappropriate questions and to leave her alone, they said that â€Å"Italians are just braggarts† which is derogatory and condescending term against her race. Sexual harassment; a form of harassment, was also present in this situation.Sexual harassment has three different characteristics; the first one being that the encounters must be unwelcomed to the complainant, expressly or implicitly known by the responder to be unwelcomed. This applies to this situation because Rosetta let the guys knows that she did not like the remarks by sayings â€Å"leave me alone† and â€Å"mind your own business† and they still continue to make remarks which leads to the second characteristic; conduct must continue despite the complainant protests, finally the third characteristic is complainants cooperation must be due to employment related threats.Rosetta suffered and took the harassment for so long from the fear of the manager, and being fired from her job. 2. If you were Eva, what would-and could-you do? What are the options? What is the probability of success of each option? Rosetta faced indirect systematic discrimination, which indicates that there is no i ntention to discriminate, but the system, arrangements, or policies allow it to happen. To begin with, Eva could have talked to the Manager, which she had and it didn’t lead her to positive results.So, she could either go above the manager or go directly to the Human Resource department of that company. This is a long process, which has many steps so Eva could choose to go to the Canadian Human Rights Commission. The Canadian Human Rights Act is a federal law that permits discrimination anything under federal jurisdiction, for example banks, airlines, government agencies, radio and TV companies. Areas that are not covered but the federal jurisdiction are covered by the provincial human rights act.The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) is there to supervise and implement any action under the Canadian Human Rights Act. Any person/group that has reasonable ground to believe that they have been discriminated against has the right to file with CHRC. For Eva to report harassme nt has taken place against Rosetta, she must first take permission from Rosetta, otherwise there is a chance that her complaint could be rejected. However, there are many things that Rosetta has to be careful with, the CHRC does not accept complaints that are over a year old, if the complaint seems trivial or made in bad faith.Eva must report this problem immediately with the correct proof so her complaint wouldn’t be dismissed. After Eva has filed the complaint, it will be further investigated. It will either be ruled as substantiated or non-substantiation, if ruled substantiated, (in support of complainant) then an attempt to make a settlement will be made. If no settlement is made, then the Human Rights Tribunal Panel can be appointed to further investigate the complaint. If they find that there was discrimination against Rosetta, then she will be compensated as seen appropriate.Eva can also file a complaint with the Ontario Human Rights laws and commission, which will inv estigate the complaint (also with the consent of Rosetta) and a settlement will be offered to satisfy both parties if no settlement is reached, then complaint will be further investigated. Both these processes are very long, but proven in favour of the complaint many times. However, there are times where there is no discrimination/harassment found in the case.Another thing Eva could do is try to implement the employment equity program within the organization. This program (usually run by employers) is used to undo past employment discrimination and prevent future discrimination and create equal employment opportunity within the company. Eva, with the help of the HR department could use this program and the example of Rosetta to prevent future situations like this by educating the employees about the laws, and diversity. It can also help undo the harassment that Rosetta faced. . What are Al’s responsibilities in this instance? Did he carry them out well? Why or why not? Employ ers, or managers have one basic responsibility towards their employees, which is to provide a safe environment for their employees and Al, as the manager failed to do so. The job of managers/supervisors is to know the law and to implement it within their organization/team. His responsibility is to be aware of what harassment is, different types of harassments and the signs of harassed workers.His responsibility as a manager was to put a stop to the harassment and discrimination Rosetta was facing, and report those employees to the Human Resources Department or to the CHRC. Not only did he fail to put a stop to the harassment, he failed to report it and was also part taking in the harassment by encouraging the jokes those guys were making that made Rosetta feel uncomfortable. Another responsibility of a manager is to have good communication not only within the team members but good employee-to-manager communication which is failed to establish with Rosetta.She did not feel comfortabl e talking to her manager about the harassment, which ultimately made her quit her job because she felt she had no one to talk to and ask for help. Al, also fails to recognize the harassment happening and blames it on Rosetta not being able to take the jokes lightly and took the accusation of Rosetta being harassed very lightly. He did not carry his responsibilities out well for the reasons stated above, he created an unsafe, uncomfortable environment for one of his employees.